Some of the subaru and ford guys make their own custom AFM. This means they take the sensing element out of their original AFM and place it in a tube. Highly technical, they have really taken into consideration the reversions flow criterias/characteristics that the sensor needs in order to work correctly, ie correct throttling and delta approach angles.
We see all sorts of things at work, eg1. a cobra kit car with an EF 5.0L with an induction system about 10ft long with a AFM stuck on the end. There was a resonance created within the pipe due to the throttle and AFM that caused it to surge. The ecu was out of sync with what the AFM was saying it was almost perfectly balanced so that it would trim the fuel in the opposite direction as needed. Long story short if he had kept the original length of pipe between throttle and AFM it would have worked fine and thats what we suggested.
It is possible to tune an AFM based on grams/s vs voltage (MASS transfer function). I do it all the time when dickheads pull the mesh off the GENIII MAF sensor - thats got to be worth at least 25rwkw's!!!!!!!!